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Accumulation mechanism of tight sandstone gas in low gas generation intensity area. ... Compact sandstone sand body size ranges 0.1–0.15 mm, coarse sandstone sand body size ranges 0.20–0.25 mm, and the sand body fills mud rock. In order to reflect the filling process of low hydrocarbon-generating intensity area, the set up pressure sequence ...
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Because sand grains are three-dimensional objects, the cutting surface of a thin section may cross the edge of grains, which remain as smaller contours on the thin section [Harrell, 1984]. As a result, for very well sorted sandstone (e.g., Figure 6d), there are still a few small grains
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Mechanism of Red Sandstone under Different Confining Pressures Using 3D Numerical Simulation and CT Verification Wen Zhang, Yan-yu Chen, Jin-ping Guo, Sai-sai Wu, and Cheng-yuan Yan School of Resources Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and …
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Deformation mechanisms in porous sandstone and sand are important for understanding the distribution of faults and their associated properties. Controlling mechanism during localization depends on ...
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The hydro-fluctuation belt is the most sensitive part of the reservoir bank slope. The rock mass in the hydro-fluctuation belt has been affected by the cyclic dry–wet process. The water infiltrates into the rock mass through its pores and cracks. Through time, the cyclic dry–wet process is posing a significant impact on the evolution and seepage characteristics of jointed sandstone. In ...
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sand production in sandstone reservoirs [20]. A study in 2016 showed that the use of UF-nano SiO. 2. can reduce the amounts of sand production and had a little effect on permeability [21]. The stability of the nanoparticles in smart water for injection into the sandstone reservoirs can
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Experimental testing provides insights into the deformation mechanism during hydrostatic and axial compression of coarse- and fine-grained sands with different packing including (1) natural coarse-grained sandstone, (2) densely packed fine-grained sand, and (3) loosely packed fine-grained sand.
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A CAMBRIAN TIDAL SAND BODY FIG. 3.-Sandstone composition of the Eriboll Sandstone. Data after Swett (1965a). Classification after Folk (1968). The absence of clay warrants the interpre-tation of a mature sandstone regardless of rounding characteristics. Provenance for the sandstones most like-ly includes both the arkoses of the Torri-
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1.2.7 Development Prospects of Unconsolidated Sandstone Reservoirs 29. 2 Sand Production Mechanism and Changes of Rock Properties Affected by Sand Production 31. 2.1 Sand Production Mechanism and the Factors Affecting Sand Production 31. 2.1.1 Mechanism of Sand Production 31. 2.1.2 Factors Affecting Sand Production 33
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The failure mechanism of tight sandstone under 3-D stress conditions will be further discussed herein. The AE energy's probability distribution functions P(E), also called as power-law distribution, often used to calculate the probability of cracks in different energy intervals ( Salje and Dahmen, 2014 ; …
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If water is the transport mechanism of sediment, the grain size of sedimentary deposits most closely indicates the _____. ... A well-sorted sandstone with asymmetric ripples was most likely deposited as sand by a(n) _____. a) river (far from source) b) glacier c) river (near source) d) alluvial fan.
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[1] Shear-enhanced compaction in shallow sandstone reservoirs has been investigated in laboratory experiments using high-pressure triaxial testing of poorly lithified sandstone and sand. We have studied the deformation mechanism involved during shear-enhanced compaction and controlling parameters for yield stress at varying confining pressures for sandstone/sand with different grain sizes ...
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Sometimes sand contains new minerals or mineral aggregates that were non-existent in the source rocks. Notable example is a clay mineral glauconite which forms in marine sand and gives distinctive dark green color to many sand samples. In some instances glauconite in sand may come from disintegrated glauconitic sandstone nearby, but eventually it is of marine origin anyway.
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In an unconsolidated sandstone reservoir of a deepwater gas field, due to the reduction of the rock compaction by deepwater, sand production is more likely to occur in the reservoir during production under certain production pressure differences.
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The sand pack simulating an unconsolidated sandstone formation was prepared by soaking it in water and drying at room temperature, following by porosity and permeability measurements. Fine quartz sand, with median grain size (d 50 ) that was 1/6 and 1/4 of the median grain size in the rock skeleton (D 50 ), remained in the container.
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Sandstone is a sedimentary rock and one of the most common types of sedimentary rock and is found in sedimentary basins throughout the world. It is composed of sand-size grains rock fragment, mineral and organic material. Sand-size particles range in size from 1/16 millimeter to 2 millimeters in diameter.
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Unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs with permeability of 0.5 to 8 darcies are most susceptible to sand production, which may start during first flow or later when reservoir ... likely failure mechanism. From this, the program predicts sanding potential. Completion Options
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The sand is mainly made of fine grain sandstone. The environment of this submember includes an underwater distributary's channel and an estuary dam in the delta frontier. The average thickness of shale is 112 m, and the shale thickness ratio is 62.5%. ... Fracture propagation mechanism in sand-shale interbedded formation reservoir.
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Sandstone Reservoir Wettability Alteration Due to Water Softening: Impact of Silica Nanoparticles on Sand Production Mechanism May 2020 Biointerface Research in …
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Distribution Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Effective Sand Bodies in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs in Western Sichuan January 2018 Advances in Geosciences 08(06):1096-1103
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It is composed mostly of sand particles, which are of medium size; therefore, sandstone is a medium-grained clastic sedimentary rock. More precisely, sand is between 1/16 millimeter and 2 mm in size (silt is finer and gravel is coarser). The sand grains that makeup sandstone are aptly referred to as framework grains.
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Sandstone' peak strength and elastic modulus were 7.28–37.96% and 6.38–40.87% less than for the control, respectively. ... The deterioration mechanism of rock under freeze–thaw is very ...
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Study on microstructure mechanism of sandstone based on complex network theory. Abstract. Rock contains a large number of micro-pores, which are of different shapes and complex structures. The structure information of sandstones is extracted based on different porosities through X-ray CT (Computer Tomography) scanning, photo processing ...
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The mechanical mechanisms of sand production include three failure types (Figure 1): (1) shear failure. ... The matrix stress and the deformation of sandstone reservoirs in sand production are ...
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Sand Textural Control on Shear-Enhanced Compaction Band Development in Poorly-Lithified Sandstone. Journal of Geological Resource and Engineering, 2014. M. Peyret. Download PDF. Download Full PDF Package. This paper. A short summary of this paper.
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Ke ywords: soft sediment deformation mechanism, sandstone dykes, sandstone sills, sand volcanoes. Although sandstone intrusions within sedimentar y successions ha ve long been kno wn and ...
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Sandstone is a rock comprising mostly of minerals formed from sand. The stone gains its formation throughout centuries of deposits forming in lakes, rivers, or on the ocean floor. These elements group together with the minerals quartz or calcite and compresses. In time, the sandstone is …
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The mechanism of rock failure includes mechanical failure and chemical failure. The chapter examines appraisal experiments of sand production on changing formation properties that combine the case of unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs in Bohai Bay. It reviews the mechanism of sand production from the standpoint of experiments.
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Sandstone diagenesis 27. has been thought to be responsible for the. growth of (locally zoned) ankerite in sandstones. (Gawthorpe, 1987; Mozley & Joernle, 1990). Basin-scale water flow can take ...
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Black sand comes from eroded volcanic material such as lava, basalt rocks, and other dark-colored rocks and minerals, and is typically found on beaches near volcanic activity. Black-sand beaches are common in Hawaii, the Canary Islands, and the Aleutians. The by-products of living things also play an important part in creating sandy beaches.
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The siltstone reservoir with many small layers of pay zones is usually produced by slant holes. However, severe sand blockages take place when the siltstone reservoir is developed by slant holes. Currently, the sand blocking mechanisms and the effect of sand blocking on productivity of slant well are still challenges for engineers and scholars.
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14.1.3 GENERAL PROPERTIES OF TIGHT GAS SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS Although the two theories, the BCGA and conventional trapping mechanism, have significant dif-ferences regarding the exploration strategies of tight gas sandstone reservoirs, none of them denies the importance of formation evaluation in any given tight gas play. 14.1.3.1 Source rock
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