Analysis of the slope stability of the overburden dumps ...

stability of overburden dumps mixed with fly ash at KTK opencast mine of SCCL was studied. ... Idealized diagram showing transition from intact rock to jointed rock ... stipulating focuses for usage of fly cinder in a staged way. For the mining business it has coordinated the mines existing in 50 km of a warm power plant (by street) to use ...

Underground Mining Methods - UFRGS

Post room-and-pillar mining (Figure 1.3) applies to inclined ore bodies with dip angles from 200 to 550. These mines have large vertical heights where the mined-out space is backfilled. The fill keeps the rock mass stable and serves as a work platform while the next ore slice is mined. Step room-and-pillar mining (Figure 1.4) is an adaptation of

Mining | Rock (Geology) | Explosive Material

122,The rocks said to be flaggy if the bedded planes are seperated by..?,more than 1.2m,1m-1.2m,75mm-1m,less than 75mm,4 123,The weight of the rocks in coal mining areas exerts a pressure nearly per metre depth from the surface is ..?,1 kg/sq.cm,0.5 kg/sq.cm,0.2 kg/sq.mm,0.2 kg/sq.cm,4 124,The immediate roof is called..?,3m above the seam,6m ...

MINING ENGINEERING (DIPLOMA STANDARD)

opencast mine layouts, different types of explosives used, drilling blasting in opencast mines, fly rocks, air over pressure, controlled blasting, drilling and blasting in granite quarries, reclamation & mine closure plan, failure of slopes and various controlling and stabilization methods, safety in opencast mines, exploitation of coal

Basics of an open pit mine

Open pit mines can be used in coal mining, and they are used extensively in "hard rock" mining for ores such as metal ores, copper, gold, iron, aluminum, and many minerals. In a open pit coal mine, the pit bottom would be the bottom mined coal seam elevation, since it is usually feasible to extract multiple seams when surface mining coal.

Surface mining planning and design of open pit mining

9. open pit mining: funnel shaped hole in ground, with ramp spiraling down along sides, allows moderately deep ore to be reached. Initial mining for zinc at Franklin and Ogdensburg, New Jersey-USA. Photo I took at Bingham. 4 km in diameter 1 km in depth, at its zenith 400000 tons of rock …

Determination of blast-induced ground vibration equations ...

Effects of various rock characteristics on PPV have been studied in the past by a few researchers. Effects of rock discontinuities on blast wave propagation were presented by Ak and Konuk, 2008, Kuzu, 2008, Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) 3-340-02, 2008, etc. Effects of different rock formations on prediction model were analyzed by Nateghi (2011).

An Analysis and Prevention of Flyrock Accidents in …

were used in coal mining, 1.17 billion pounds (21.1%) in metal and nonmetal mining, and 417 million pounds (7.5%) in construction blasting [USGS, 2003]. This paper presents a brief account of injuries due to fl yrock and lack of blast area security in surface mines and elucidates mitigation techniques.

Glossary of Mining Terms - Coal Education

A. Abutment - In coal mining, (1) the weight of the rocks above a narrow roadway is transferred to the solid coal along the sides, which act as abutments of the arch of strata spanning the roadway; and (2) the weight of the rocks over a longwall face is transferred to the front abutment, that is, the solid coal ahead of the face and the back abutment, that is, the settled packs behind the face.

Tugs and Tows - A Practical Safety and Operations Guide

line with the contents of this publication. NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATION. Tug and Tows – A Practical Safety and Operational Guide I 1 The Shipowners' Club provides P&I insurance for smaller and specialised vessels around the world, including those that engage in …

Main exports: clothing, electrical components, chemicals, phosphate rock, fertilisers, petroleum products, citrus fruits, vegetables, fish Morocco has been developing a diverse economy for twenty years. However, unemployment can still reach 20% in urban areas. More than 40% of the population work in agriculture and 20% in industry.

Surface Mining Methods and Equipment

UNESCO – EOLSS SAMPLE CHAPTERS CIVIL ENGINEERING – Vol. II - Surface Mining Methods and Equipment - J. Yamatomi and S. Okubo ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) SURFACE MINING METHODS AND EQUIPMENT J. Yamatomi and S. Okubo University of Tokyo, Japan Keywords: Mining method, surface mining, open pit mining, open cast mining, placer mining, solution mining, …

3 Technologies in Exploration, Mining, and Processing ...

Comminution, an energy-intensive process, usually begins with blasting of rock in the mining operation followed by crushing in large, heavy machines, often used in stages and in combination with screens to minimize production of particles too fine for subsequent treatment (Sidebar 3-3). Grinding is usually done in tumbling mills, wet or dry ...

Diploma_Mining_III toVI.pdf - Scribd

Diploma_Mining_III toVI.pdf - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. ... fly rock, blast induced vibration. fumes etc. Ground vibration measurement of other parameters, Prediction & control measures to ... Stoping methods for non-coal mining Mechanised stoping methods for non-coal mining Opencast mining ...

Crushing Plant Design and Layout Considerations

stock and provide spare parts close to the mining operation. Good geotechnical information is essential to crushing plant siting and design. Installing a primary crushing plant on solid rock reduces the cost of concrete and structural steel. Life of Mine/Expansion Plans The life of the mine is a key element in the design of any crushing plant.

GEOTECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN OPEN PIT MINES

safe and economic mining of any commodity within any rock mass *. The intent of this guideline is to provide examples of good geotechnical engineering practice and to assist mining operators in achieving compliance with Regulation 13.8 of the Mines Safety and Inspection Regulations 1995 (MSIR 1995). This guideline seeks to encourage the

(PDF) ROCK BLASTING FOR MINING - ResearchGate

Mining is a geotechnical industry. Geologist explore the economic mineral deposits for mining. A lot of methods are adopted to exploit the valuable economic mineral resources through open cast ...

Underground Mining Transportation Systems

mining operation, and we must take into account the number of possible steps from the extraction site (stope/face) to the shaft or ramp portal. The total system has been established - as a combination of various types of equipment - such that it is most applicable to the ore deposits being mined, the mining methods employed and the mine layout. 1.

Blast-Induced Rock Fragmentation in Wet Holes - Mining ...

In open-pit mining, blasting pattern design is performed to achieve a desired degree of fragmentation for loading, hauling, and crushing operations. Inappropriate fragmentation of rock will result in numerous problems such as incurring extra costs for secondary blasting, production interruption, etc. Wetness of the blast holes is one of the most important factors, which can cause the ...

THE STABILITY OF SLOPES IN OPEN CAST MINES AND THE ...

open cast mines and the economic implications thereof a dissertation presented to the department of mining engineering university of the v/itwatersrand. in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of w3teh, of science in engineering. urmitteq by: david charles brink b.so. (f,nc.) (rnnd). january, 1762.

Overburden In Opencast Mines

Overburden in opencast mines,Our company is a large-scale heavy enterprise that taking heavy mining machinery manufactory as main products and integrated with scientific research, production, and marketing. We are concentrating on producing and selling machines such as jaw crusher, cone crusher, hammer crusher, ball mill, sand maker, mobile crushing plant

The Horizontal Directional Drilling Process

An air line may also be required to break the vacuum which may form at the leading edge as the pull section is pulled up to the rig. The amount of water placed in the pipe is controlled to provide the most advantageous distribution of buoyant forces.

Designing Blast Patterns Using Empirical Formulas

The rock is known as a high-calcium limestone if the magnesium carbonate content is small. The rock is called a magnesium or dolomitic limestone if 10 percent or more of magnesium carbonate is present. When the magnesium carbonate content approaches 45 percent, the rock is known

(PDF) Risk assessment in open cast mining — An application ...

Risk assessment in open cast mining — An application of Yager's methodology for ordinal multiobjective decisions based on fuzzy sets P. Bandyopadhyay IntroductionRisk assessment, as it is usually done, is a multiplicative model involving different contributing factors with or without factorial importance weights.

Approved Diploma CET Curriculum - KEA

3. Surface mining. 10 marks Suitability and limitations, stripping ratio, Quarriable limit, Design the bench height in manual and mechanized opencast mining, Design the bench width in opencast mines, the slope angle in benches, haul roads in opencast mines, …

Mine Planning and Design | PDF | Mathematical Model | Mining

VII semester. Mining Engineering CHAPTERS 1) INTRODUCTION 2) OPENCAST MINING 3) UNDERGROUND MINING 4) EQUIPMENT PLANNING 5) PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING INTRODUCTION –SCOPE - REFERENCES. Lecture 1 REFERENCES: 1)Jayanta Bhattacharya, "Principles of Mine Planning"-Allied publishers,Delhi 2003. 2) Hustrulid.W and …

Rock Blasting For Mining | Explosive Material | Explosion

Rock Blasting for Mining - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. rocl

Chapter 8 BLAST DESIGN - NPS

pattern. The rock will move forward normally to the rows of holes. If the holes are fired in oblique rows as in Figure 8-5, the rock mass would be thrown to the right during blasting. (Figure 8-4) Typical bench cut with two free faces and fired with one delay per row. (Figure 8-5) Direction of throw of blasted rock.

Opencast Mining - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mining and opencast mining in particular affect all components of ecosystems (Bradshaw, 1997).During opencast mining, material overlying the mined minerals, called overburden, is excavated and deposited in a heap. This heap can be located either inside the mine …

Guidance for carrying out risk assessment at surface ...

2 Introduction This publication sets out basic advice for carrying out Risk Assessment at Surface Mining Operations. Surface mining operations are defined as activities undertaken during winning, transporting and processing of minerals mined from the surface. The steps to carry out the necessary risk

Web-GIS Based Visualization System of Predicted Ground ...

Blasting is routinely carried out at various resource extraction sites, even in urban areas. As a consequence of this, residents around urban quarry sites are affected by ground vibration induced by blasting on a regular basis. In this study, a prediction and visualization system for ground vibrations is developed for the purpose of reducing the adverse psychological effects of blasting.

Optimization of Blasting Parameters in opencast Mines

Rock breaking by drilling and blasting is the first phase of the production cycle in ... Schematic diagram of Jackhammer Drill 20 3.7 : Sequence of initiation in single row blasting 27 3.8(a) : Multi-row firing patterns 28 ... Drilling and blasting are the major unit operations in opencast mining. Inspite of the best